PEP人教版英语毕业总复习——句子复习

（二）句型专项归类汇总

1、 肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，

如：I’m a student.   She is a doctor.    He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom.        He will eat lunch at 12:00.      

I watched TV yesterday evening.

2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I’m not a student.     

She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital.     

There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.  

He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00.       

I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

☆注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。

3、一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。

如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.

Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.

Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)

Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).

Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.

☆注意☆ 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，

①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。

4、特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：

What is this? It’s a computer.

What does he do? He’s a doctor.

Where are you going? I’m going to Beijing.

Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike.

Which season do you like best?  Summer.

When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.

Whose skirt is this? It’s Amy’s.

Why do you like spring best?  Because I can plant trees.

How are you? I’m fine. / I’m happy.

How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.

☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量)）, how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）, how big（多大）, how heavy（多重）

例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.

How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.

How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.

☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，

How many + 名词复数 + do you have?   你有多少……？

How many + 名词复数 + can you see?   你能看见多少……？

How many + 名词复数 + are there…?    有多少……？

三、专项练习：

1、连词成句:

首先要按照句子的结构、语序及所给标点将句子重新排列，尤其要注意疑问句的语序，再检查一下句子是否通顺，专有名词、句首单词第一个字母要大写，不能漏单词。

(1) drawing       she         too      pictures     like

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(2) to       year      we      last     went      Canada

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(3) say      it’s      to      time     goodbye     friends     my     to

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(4) will     I’m     that      like     sure     he

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(5)  at     would      party     you     like     to     the     perform

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